Shakespeares Macbeth was a Tragic Hero :: Free Macbeth Essays

Macbeth was a Tragic Hero Macbeth exhibits most, if not all, of the classic traits of a Shakespearean tragic hero almost flawlessly. From his rise to greatness to his ultimate destruction and death, he is most certainly a tragic hero. At the beginning of the play, Macbeth is a thane--a high-ranking vassal to the king, much like a duke. Macbeth is also an extraordinary general. Macbeth meets three witches after his victory in a great battle. The witches already know his weakest point and act upon it. Their prophecies rap into his pride he becomes their overly-determined puppet. Ultimately, Hecate's final words in scene III.5 show us the true intent of the witches: "He shall spurn fate, scorn death, and bear His hopes 'bove, wisdom, grace, and fear: And you all know security Is mortals' chiefest enemy" (3.5.30-33). These lines give us a give us a glimpse at the witches' intent. Hecate's words also tell us a little bit about Macbeth and his pride. Although many have argued that Macbeth's flaw was "over-ambition", this author would have to disagree. Macbeth's pride ultimately was what killed him. His pride was what brought him to power as the witches prophesied. It fed his determination, and finally, in Act V, Macbeth's final lines show this pride in full-blook at its ugliest: "I will not yield, To kiss the ground before young Malcolm's feet, And to be baited with the rabble's cause. Though Birnam Wood be came to Dunisane, And thou opposed, being no woman born, Yet I will try the last. Before my body I throw my warlike shield. Lay on, Macduff; And damned be him that first cries "Hold, enough!" (5.8.28-34). If Macbeth had had less pride, he would likely have acted much differently. For one, he would have been more discerning of the witches and much less willing to believe the prophecies of his death. Macbeth has victories in many battles. His victories surely fill him with pride. His captain tells King Duncan of his victory in the following lines: "As the sparrows eagles, or the hair the lion. If I say sooth, I must report they were As canons overcharged with double cracks; So they doubly redoubled strokes upon the foe" (1.

Critical analysis of marketing ethics- corporate social responsibility Essay

Introduction Ethical conduct of marketing activities is essential for any serious business in the current globalized business environment. The issue of corporate social responsibility has been a challenge to many managers and will continue to do so in case proper mechanisms and policies are not put in place and implemented. The report gives an analysis of CSR practices and subsequently provides arguments in favour of the practice and those that do not. Long term perspective in carrying out CSR has been stressed. Sustainable CSR practices ensure that the business remains relevant in the long run, performs better and the needs of the community and environment are addressed. The impacts of CSR dimensions on the marketing mix strategy adopted by the firm have also been dealt with. The best approach to CSR has been suggested and recommendation is that the approach which resonates well with the goals of the firm must be adopted. The blue-chip company tackled in this report is Nike. Report summary It has been observed that marketing ethics still is a topic attracting vigorous debate among scholars and business practitioners. Currently, there is a corporate social responsibility movement that has been incited by a number of catalytic forces. However, these forces driving CSR in the current business setup have been propelled by serious shifts exhibited in the relationship of the market, individual and the state. Core drivers in CSR have been the ever-growing expectations from stakeholders, the ever shrinking role played by the state in businesses, levels of responsibility being put on supply chains, and the adding pressure emanating from shareholders (Amaeshi, et al., 2006, pp.4,17, 25). See more: how to write an analysis Studies that have been conducted indicate that the current public is more sensitive to CSR and thus expects much from businesses and it is therefore coming up with groups such as consumers, activists, community, employees, and shareholders so as to see to it that they are heard by corporate decision-makers. CSR could be viewed as the continuous commitment of businesses to act in a manner that is ethical and subsequently contribute to the economic development of society while trying to improve the life quality of its workforce and their families and that of the local community. The company becomes obliged to become sensitive to the demands of all stakeholders. It must be stated clearly that CSR does not imply monetary hand-outs in form of grants or donations (McWilliams & Siegel, 2000, pp.603-609). This is a myopic view of CSR that has often led to the vague argument that the business of a business entity is to do business and thus not to be concerned with issues going on in the society. This has often pitted CSR against profitability thus arguing that CSR programs will deter a firm from achieving its profitability goals. Long term views on CSR and profitability however indicate that a firm practicing CSR programs performs better than those which do not. The firm chosen for the report is Nike which deals in sports footwear and apparels. Analysis Critical Analysis of Arguments for and Against Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Friedman (2008, pp.32-33) notes that CSR is deemed to be a very comprehensive package of serious practices and programs guided by policies which are all integrated into the operations of a business entity, supply chains, and its decision making processes in the whole firm and this spins across current and past actions and the impact that the operations have on future welfare of business, society and environment in general. In this regard, CSR issues are related to community investment, governance, business ethics, human rights, market and working environment (Li & Su, 2007, pp.237-256). This eliminates the myopic view of CSR as simple charity and therefore calls upon the firm to incorporate fully the impact of its operations on stakeholders as well as the environment at the point of decision-making. Managers must thus juggle with a delicate balance that exists between the stakeholder needs, company needs to make profits and perform better, and be able to adequately reward shareholder. The argument posed for new corporate leaders is that of profit optimization being the key to success as opposed to profit maximization thus bringing a serious paradigm shift in terms of accountability to the firm’s shareholders to the social responsibility towards customers and other stakeholders in society (Chapple & Moon, 2005, pp.415-441). Given the current competitive international marketing, ethics have been singled out as playing a pivotal role since businesses have realized that they are handling human values as well as beliefs. Businesses have largely spread across geographic boundaries and the current marketers are faced with cross-cultural issues that they must deal with. Multinationals that did not notice this responsibility such as McDonald and Nestle ended up facing serious ethical problems in their marketing activities going as far as getting themselves in suits that cost them millions of dollars (Li & Su, 2007, pp.237-256). Bansal & Roth, (2000, pp.717–736) think that those who support CSR activities bring in very interesting arguments. They hold that CSR practices do enhance the firm and its brand image due to the good reputation that CSR brings on board. Companies that do CSR programs effectively have also been found to easily attract ethical sensitive employees and their retention levels are high because of the satisfaction and motivational levels that such employees do record. Such firms do report high growth rates in terms of market share and are able to easily attract new investors in their business ventures (McWilliams & Siegel, 2000, pp.603-609). Furthermore, firms with working CSR programs have experienced lower costs of operations and are thus able to report high net profit margins. These arguments for CSR practices are supported by the logic that a firm that is socially responsible does care about its customers, suppliers, employees, society, local community, and the environment as a whole. It thus becomes an approach through which a firm does recognize the wide impact that its business operations have on the society and its development and in essence ends up supporting the firm in pursuit of its business success and that it has to actively handle the social, environmental, economic, and human rights issues. This calls for sustainable development as well as good levels of corporate governance (Roux, 2007, pp.23-25). Chambers, et al., (2003, pp.112-119) argue that normative arguments do recognize the needs for CSR are mainly pillared on instrumental rationales or ethical, and those that are against CSR practices are based on property rights perspectives or institutional functions. In this regard, ethicists do argue that companies are obliged to act or behave in a manner that is socially responsible since that is something that is morally correct. Extremists in instrumental rationales would still support CSR programs even when they pose unproductive outcomes for the firm. The stand is based on the rational calculation which presupposes that CSR practices will in the long run benefit the firm in question (Sun, 2010, pp.45-47). This is enshrined in the organizational legitimization philosophy which poses that by showing responsibility, a firm will be able to proactively avoid and anticipate regulations of the government, make good use of opportunities that arise from the increased cultural, sexual, and environmental awareness, differentiate its products and services from those of its competitors who are not proactive, and would continue to benefit from privilege pursuits of economics (Mahon, 2002, pp.415-445). It assumes that the firm has a legal obligation to make maximized economic advantages that do accrue to its owners. The need for firms to protect their CSR practices is also presented since firms will not make supernormal profits from the CSR initiatives due to the entry of other firms (Visser, et al., 2008, pp.67-69). Visser, et al., (2008, pp.67-69) are of the view that the case against CSR is supported by the institutional function concept and that of property rights. This argument poses that the best vehicles for CSR are the governments, civil and religious organizations, and labour unions. They further argue that business managers do not have the necessary skills and time required to carry out CSR policies. They also hold that a business sector that is empowered should not be held responsible for its actions since it is not a governmental body that is in place through electoral processes. Thus, allowing businesses to carry out CSR practices is seen as being dangerous since this does allocates huge amounts of authority to the firms without exercising accountability (Chaudhri & Wang, 2007, pp.232–247). The property rights argument is rooted in neoclassical capitalism and its simplicity resonates with many scholars, especially those in finance. The position is that management reserves no right to carry out anything apart from that which increases the value of stockholders. Actions contrary to this are a violation of legal, moral and fiduciary responsibilities endowed to management (Visser, et al., 2008, pp.67-69). This is also supported by the competitive disadvantage theory which holds that CSR actions will impose a price on the company thus posing a competitive disadvantage when compared to other firms that are not practicing it. However, this is still viewed by many as a narrow view based on short term needs for profitability (Garriga & Mele, 2004, pp.51-74). How Different Dimensions of CSR Might Affect the Marketing Mix of NIKE There are a number of CSR dimensions that are tackled by a firm which is ethically responsible in its marketing mix and these include the physical environment, social, consumer, supply chain, and employee relations. The concept of marketing mix in this context is viewed as a theorized as well as structured way of effectively delivering and communicating product and service message to consumers in the market (Waddell, 2000, pp.323–345). The impacts posed by the CSR dimensions are based on the belief that the reputation of the company is quite vital to holding and maintaining a competitive position within the marketing place and in doing business successfully. The chart for CSR dimensions has been given in the appendix at the end of this report. These ethical issues if not well-addressed could create serious problems with consumers and make the marketing mix in place irrelevant. The marketing mix would include such things are product, price, place, promotion, physical evidence and people which are areas of marketing strategy application (Bhattacharya, et al., 2011, pp.56-58). The goal of business and marketing has been said to be profit maximization in a lawful manner. The behaviour portrayed in the marketplace must be ethical and ensure that there are societal benefits. The dimensions of CSR have been known to advance the corporate image, create and increase motivation as well as loyalty of both employees and consumers. A company which does not ensure employee development and proper compensation is likely to lose competitive advantage and this in turn affects the success of the marketing mix strategy employed by the firm such as Nike. When employees, who also constitute marketers, are empowered and well-developed, they enhance the performance of a company such as Nike. The environmental impact on businesses is huge (Secchi, 2007, pp.347-373). Companies that are known not to consider the impact their activities have on the environment lose out in the long run. The way the firm formulates its marketing mix strategy to resonate with the environmental needs will affect its long term viability. Such issues as use of green energy in its operations, use of biodegradable materials in advertisements, use of technology to safeguard the environment, and reduction of carbon emissions through carbon footprint measures could heavily impact on the success of its marketing mix. Ethically sensitive consumers will shun away from Nike if they find out that the company hold poor reputation on environmental issues (Peteraf, 1993, pp.179-191). Consumers on the other hand demand for quality products at competitive prices and the safety of these products must be guaranteed. A firm which does not take hid of these demands risks being thrown out of the market as consumers would avoid its products making its marketing mix strategies irrelevant. This is where the concept of consumer related marketing finds relevance since current consumers usually recognises CSR brands and end up supporting them (Covin & Miles, 1999, pp.47-63). Given the fact that Nike operates in the society and not in virtual settings, it is important that the social welfare of the local community be put into consideration in order to win trust, respect and loyalty, factors that enhance brand image and reputation. This also gives the company insurance in the society it operates in. it is hard to market a product of a company that does not have good brand image, has a ruined reputation and the society does not trust it or exhibits near zero loyalty levels (Baum & Wally, 2003, pp.1107-1129). Supply chain dimension in CSR for Nike must be considered since supply chains have been singled out as being at the core of business operations. The business in question such as Nike must be able to streamline its supply chain to resonate with the CSR demands. Marketing mix strategies that are employed in supply chains that are effectively handling CSR programs such as green logistics and green supplies have been found to resonate well with the consumers since the consumer is placed at the centre of these supply chains (Covin & Miles, 1999, pp.47-63). The Most Appropriate CSR Approaches to Adopt Numerous approaches to CSR have been proposed by many scholars and businesses. However, they are all defined by the size and resources bases controlled by organizations and the goals to be achieved in engaging in CSR. These approaches are initiatives based on community, getting into philanthropic activities, and developing business plans which build strong shared values. The company could adopt two approaches to the practice of CSR in the market. The first one should be coming up with community based initiatives where it supports organizations, events, as well as programs within the local community it operates in as this could pose strong positive impacts in the long run. This could subsequently create a positive brand recognition which resonates well with the community (Barney & Arikan, 2001, pp.67-78). This strategy should be done in combination with the approach of shared value. This shared value approach is a CSR initiative that focuses on building a set of shared values which do recognize the fact that long term success of the business as well as achieving a balanced social system are two concepts that are interdependent to each other. This approach is enshrined in the belief that for a business to thrive, the community in which it operates in must be healthy, educated, and governed in the most appropriate way possible (Lopez, et al., 2007, pp.285–300). In this regard, factoring in formal investments in areas of education, social well-fare, healthcare, and civil society when coming up with strategic business plans is the best avenue in creating opportunities that enhance and build social value while ensuring long term growth for the firm. Whichever approach a firm such as Nike adopts the most important consideration should be that it has to offer sustainability, win goodwill from the society, and ensure that the company meets its goals. Sustainable CSR practices work to ensure that the company avoid short term focus and looks towards profit optimization in the long run (Banerjee, et al., 2008, pp.51-79). Conclusion and Recommendations Considering the current global marketing environment, serious changes have occurred when compared to what it was decades ago. In this regard, it is imperative that firms adopt CSR practices that are sustainable. Indeed there are those who argue for CSR practices by firms and those that argue against these practices as has been established in the analysis. However, differences in opinion happen to emanate due to the aspect of time difference (Agle, et al., 1999, pp.507-525). Companies that focus on short term gains from CSR will be frustrated since this cannot be easily achieved. On the other hand, firms that seek to practice long term CSR programs that are sustainable have been reported to achieve high performance levels and have managed to justify their participation in CSR to their shareholders. In a nutshell, a serious company in today’s globalized market cannot assume the need for sustainable CSR policies that it should effectively carry out (Waddell, 2000, pp.323–345). The various dimensions of CSR such as environment, social, consumer, supply chains, and employee relations have been seen to pose serious impacts on the marketing mix strategies adopted by the firm such as Nike. Finally, it is recommended that all approaches to CSR must be considered and the best approach or a combination that fits the goals of the company be chosen as has been indicated above. References Agle BR, Mitchell RK & Sonnenfeld JA (1999). Who matters to CEOs? An investigation of stakeholder attributes and salience, corporate performance, and CEO values. The Academy Manage. J. 42(5): 507-525. Amaeshi, K, Adi, B, Ogbechie, C & Amao, O. (2006) †Corporate Social Responsibility in Nigeria: Western Mimicry or Indigenous Influences?†. No. 39-2006, ICCSR Research Paper Series –ISSN 1479 – 5124, The University of Nottingham, pp. 4,17, 25 Banerjee BS (2008). Corporate Social Responsibility: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly. Crit. Soc., 34(1): 51-79. Bansal, P. & Roth, R. (2000). â€Å"Why Companies Go Green: A model of Ecological Responsiveness†. The Academy of Management Journal 43 (4): 717–736 Barney, J.B. & Arikan, A.M. (2001). ‘The resource-based view: Origins and implications’.   In M.A. Hitt, Freeman, R.E., and Harrison, J.S. (Eds.), The Blackwell Handbook of Strategic Management. Blackwell Publishers   Ltd. Malden, MA, 67-78 Baum JR & Wally S (2003). Strategic decision speed and firm performance. Strateg. Manage. J. 24: 1107-1129 Bhattacharya, CB, Sankar Sen & Korschun D., (2011) Leveraging Corporate Social Responsibility: The Stakeholder Route to Business and Social Value, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: UK. Chambers, E., Chapple, W., Moon, J., & Sullivan, M. (2003). CSR in Asia: A seven country study of CSR website reporting. International Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility, Nottingham University, UK. Research Paper Series No. 09-2003, 112-119 Chapple, W., & Moon, J. (2005). Corporate Social Responsibility in Asia: A seven-country study of CSR web site reporting. Business & Society, 44, 415-441 Chaudhri V. & Wang J (2007). Communicating Corporate Social Responsibility on the Internet: A Case Study of the Top 100 Information Technology Companies in India. Manag. Commun. Q., 21(2): 232–247 Covin, J.G. & Miles, M.P. (1999) ‘Corporate entrepreneurship and the pursuit of competitive advantage’. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23: 47-63 Friedman, (2008) The social responsibility of business in to increase its profits. New York Times Magazines, 13 Sept., 32-33 Garriga, E. & Mele, D. (2004) Corporate social responsibility theories: Mapping and territory. Journal of Business Ethics, 53, 51-74 Li, J. & Su C., (2007) â€Å"How face influences consumption: A comparative study of American and Chinese consumers†, International Journal of Market Research 49:2, pp.237-256. Lopez, M., Garcia, A., & Rodriguez, L. (2007). Sustainable development and corporate performance: A study based on the Dow Jones Sustainability Index. Journal of Business Ethics, 75, 285–300 Mahon JF (2002). Corporate reputation: a research agenda using strategy and stakeholder literature. Bus. Soc. 41: 415-445 McWilliams, A., & Siegel D. (2000) â€Å"Corporate social responsibility and financial performance: Correlation or misspecification?† Strategic Management Journal, 21 (5): 603-609 Peteraf, M.A. (1993), ‘The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource-based view’. Strategic Management Journal, 14, 179-191 Roux, M. (2007). â€Å"Climate conducive to corporate action: 1 All-round Country Edition†. The Australian. Canberra, A.C.T. Secchi, D. (2007). Utilitarian, managerial and relational theories of corporate social responsibility. International Journal of Management Reviews, 9, 4, 347-373. Sun, W. (2010), How to Govern Corporations So They Serve the Public Good: A Theory of Corporate Governance Emergence, New York: Edwin Mellen, ISBN 978-0-7734-3863-7 Visser, W., D. Matten, M. Pohl, & Tolhurst N. (eds.) (2008). The A to Z of Corporate Social Responsibility. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-470-72395-1 Waddell, S. (2000). â€Å"New institutions for the practice of corporate citizenship: Historical Intersectoral, and Developmental Perspectives†. Business and Society Review 105: 323–345   

Does Gender Play A Role Hiv / Aids - 2536 Words

Does Gender Play a Role in HIV/AIDS? When AIDS made its debut in the early 80s, societies branded it as a disease that infected homosexuals and/or IV drug abusers. People often confused HIV with AIDS. HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the virus that infects a person, and if left untreated leads to the fatal disease AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). However, over the last 35 years, we have learned that, in reality, AIDS does not discriminate against sexual orientation, drug addictions, race, age or any other factor; however, it victimizes one gender more often than the other. Researchers prove that, on a global scale, women are more susceptible to contracting HIV/AIDS than are men. Both statistically and logically, women experience higher incidences of HIV exposure than men for multiple reasons. Women engage in sex work more often than men, they also experience a higher rate of sexual violence, and simply by being the inferior partner in a domestically abusive relationship. Understanding how gender in creases the HIV risk of women is crucial to winning the fight against HIV/AIDS. Women are the center of societies everywhere; therefore, it is urgent that nations stand together to educate and rid women, worldwide, of this infectious life-threatening disease. Sex workers, most of whom are female, are particularly vulnerable to being infected with the HIV virus (UNAIDS 5). 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Obtaining a Degree in Teaching 2019

Throughout history, teachers in public schools had to get a degree in teaching, pass a teacher education program, and be certified by the state. Today, a bachelors degree in education can take five years, and will include the training needed for certification. Alternative route programs have been created due to the growing need for qualified public school teachers. Part of the reason why some people are not interested in the field is because of the comparably low salaries that some schools offer. There are many school districts that are attempting to raise salary offerings. The changes in the certification process has made it easier for individuals with degrees in other fields to take positions as public school teachers. A degree in teaching can be obtained at a traditional university or through an online educational institution. The online option would benefit individuals who are already working full time and want to make a career shift into teaching. This is also an inviting option for those who have some general college credits that can be counted towards a teaching degree. In general, teaching degree programs offered on the internet will take less time to earn than those offered at traditional universities. .u6ec4cd1a4e2e6d59f220e1a880b4a2dd { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u6ec4cd1a4e2e6d59f220e1a880b4a2dd:active, .u6ec4cd1a4e2e6d59f220e1a880b4a2dd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u6ec4cd1a4e2e6d59f220e1a880b4a2dd { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u6ec4cd1a4e2e6d59f220e1a880b4a2dd .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u6ec4cd1a4e2e6d59f220e1a880b4a2dd .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u6ec4cd1a4e2e6d59f220e1a880b4a2dd:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Successfully Earn a Distance Education Master DegreeThere arent any states that higher public school teachers full time without a bachelors degree. Some states require a masters degree to teach on the high school level. There are different educational requirements for elementary grades, middle school and high school. A majority of the programs in teaching that are offered online are masters degree programs, and prepare students for licensing exams. The University of Phoenix Online does have a bachelors program in elementary education, but they have four programs that offer masters degrees in education. These include: early childhood education, elementary education, secondary education, special education, and ESL. They also offer doctorate programs in education, which focus on leadership in education, curriculum and instruction. The PhD programs are geared towards administrators. Many states are using alternative route programs for individuals who already have bachelors degrees and want to teach. A good number of these programs focus on math and science, since there is such a lack of teachers in those subjects in some areas. Capella University has such programs that can help individuals get the education they need to meet teaching requirements. It is much easier to get a degree in teaching than it was a decade ago. .u50ccef61185572e365aaddeec6d133eb { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u50ccef61185572e365aaddeec6d133eb:active, .u50ccef61185572e365aaddeec6d133eb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u50ccef61185572e365aaddeec6d133eb { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u50ccef61185572e365aaddeec6d133eb .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u50ccef61185572e365aaddeec6d133eb .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u50ccef61185572e365aaddeec6d133eb:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Paralegal Degree Options OnlineRelated ArticlesUse the Internet to Attain a Masters Degree in TeachingOnline Degree Opportunities For TeachersAcquiring Your Teaching Degree On The InternetFind Education and Teaching Degree ProgramsObtaining a Teaching DegreePersuing an Elementary Education Online Degree

A destructive love - 2400 Words

A destructive love Othello is such a character who is portrayed as a tragic hero through his high ranking in army, jealousy caused by racial inferiority, and credulousness for the villain Iago. In Shakespeare’s play, The Moor of Venice, jealousy is the major component constructed though out the entire play and eventually leads to Othello’s downfall and ultimately destroys his marriage with Desdemona. The play is a story of a black hero in the white community at an era of alteration from racist past to a less biased future. During this social transform period, a black Moor is able to be promoted over other white men and therefore Othello is in a higher ranking than most of white people in Venetian society. However, during†¦show more content†¦From this point, our assumption about Othello being hired as a mercenary to fight for Venice is overthrown. Instead of growing up in Venice, Othello travels around the world and lives a vagrant life. During that time period, as Othello reveals the fact that he has been sold as slave, we can conclude that it must be a historical period of African tribes suffering from colonialism, enslavement, looting, and massacres. Othello can be seen as a symbol of these colonialized African tribes that are conquered, exploited, enslaved, and yet not being recognized as part of the Venetian society. As indicated in the article â€Å"Othello and Co lour Prejudice,† G.K. Hunter believes there is a theatric purpose behind the blackness of the protagonist Othello (Hunter 249). Since during the sixteenth century, Elizabethan shares different cultural and social background than those of us living in the 21st century, Hunter argues that Shakespeare is â€Å"intensely aware of the implication of his hero’s colour as one of the primary factors in his play.† Hunter then continues with the ancient implication of blackness in European country. Under Christian faith, blackness is always associated with â€Å"devil,† â€Å"hell,† â€Å"wickedness,† â€Å"ill luck,† â€Å"death,† â€Å"condemnation.† These associations form a stereotypical view for the Elizabethan audience and are further confirmed by the conversation between Iago and Rodrigo and accusation made by Brabantio in Act 1 scene 1. Not long forShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Destructive Power of Love in Hesiods Theogony 1140 Words   |  5 PagesThe Destructive Power of Love in Hesiods Theogony Love is one of the most fundamental forces at work in Hesiods Theogony.Ê Personified as Eros, Love is one of the first gods to appear.Ê Although he is parentless and fathers no children of his own, he plays catalyst to the reproductive creation of the world.Ê Just as the world is not perfect, however, so Eros is not an entirely benevolent power.Ê He affects all beings indiscriminately, which results in the proliferation of monsters and darkRead MoreWho Destructive Jealousy : The Side Effect Of Love937 Words   |  4 PagesRepresenting Destructive Jealousy: the Side-effects of Love in King Lear While love is a very common element in literature, it is not always presented in a good light or with a happy ending, but can rather be seen as underlying a certain darkness, as Shakespeare does so well in his tragedies. Insert transition about jealousy. In King Lear, the destructive side effects of love are shown in Lear’s relationship with his daughters and the love triangle between Goneril, Regan and Edmund. To beginRead MoreDestructive Love In Shakespeares Macbeth And Wuthering Heights1408 Words   |  6 Pages Destructive Love The theme of destructive love within relationships in Shakespeare s Macbeth and Bronte s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy, and betrayal. In Bronte s Wuthering Heights and Shakespeare s Macbeth there is a lot going on between the couples in both stories. In Macbeth, Lady Macbeth and Macbeth are in a terrible situation, starting off with Lady Macbeth pressuring Macbeth to kill Duncan. Macbeth not wanting to kill his king, finally caves in to his wife sRead MoreDestructive Love In Brontes Macbeth And Wuthering Heights1395 Words   |  6 PagesLove Is A Strong Word The theme of destructive love within relationships in Shakespeare’s MacBeth and Bronte’s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy and betrayal. Destructive love is an active process of destroying the affection and tenderness between a couple. Both authors represent this kind love well in their respective stories. Lady MacBeth was a mastermind the way she had control in the beginning of Macbeth. She influenced MacBeth to do all his actions. An example of thisRead More Destructive Love in Toni Morrisons Song of Solomon Essays1763 Words   |  8 PagesDestructive Love in Toni Morrisons Song of Solomon When an emotion is believed to embody all that brings bliss, serenity, effervescence, and even benevolence, although one may believe its encompassing nature to allow for generalizations and existence virtually everywhere, surprisingly, directly outside the area love covers lies the very antithesis of love: hate, which in all its forms, has the potential to bring pain and destruction. Is it not for this very reason, this confusion, that suicideRead MoreThe Theme Of Destructive Love Within Relationships, Jealousy, And Betrayal1790 Words   |  8 PagesDestructive love The theme of destructive love within relationships in shakespeare’s Macbeth and Bronte’s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy, and betrayal. This three factors are the main causes of broken relationships and arguments between the partners. A good example would be the stories of Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Wuthering Heights. Sexism, jealousy, and betrayal can also lead to death in a destructive love. Love can be defined as an attraction of feelings, states, andRead MoreAnalyse Bronte’s Presentation of Love in the Novel â€Å"Wuthering Heights† Focusing Specifically on Chapters One to Sixteen1605 Words   |  7 PagesAnalyse Bronte’s Presentation of Love in the Novel â€Å"Wuthering Heights† Focusing Specifically on Chapters One to Sixteen The gothic novel â€Å"Wuthering Heights† narrates the story of love and passion between Heathcliff and Catherine Earnshaw. Love is one of the main themes that the novel basis’s around, and how this opposed passion between the two main characters ultimately demolishes themselves and all that are around them. Here we are shown the extremities of theRead MoreErnest Hemingway s The Sun Also Rises1640 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical and societal climate produced a steep increase in the number of American expatriates in Europe. These expatriates were disillusioned by the horrors that they witnessed during wartime. Romantic ideals became obsolete, and traditional values of love and happiness faded with them. The effects of this disillusionment can be seen in Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises, a novel that revolves around the relationships and characters of a group of expatriates on vacation in Spain for the Running ofRead More The Self-destructive Relationship in W uthering Heights Essay1246 Words   |  5 Pagesthe face of it, it would seem that the relationship between Catherine and Heathcliff is self-destructive to an extreme. Due to the lovers’ precarious circumstances, passionate personalities and class divisions, it seems that fate transpires to keep them apart and therefore the hopelessness of their situation drives them to self destruction. However, although the relationship is undeniably self-destructive, there are elements within it that suggest the pain Heathcliff and Catherine put each other throughRead MoreComparison Of Vladimir Nabokov s Lolita And Emily Bronte s Wuthering Heights808 Words   |  4 Pagesobsessive love. Heathcliff, the disturbed main character in Wuthering Heights is so immensely in love with Catherine that it turns him into a monster. The main character in Lolita is inappropriately in love with a young girl that causes him to commit destructive actions. In both of these novels the authors demonstrate ho w something as joyful as love, can morph into an obsession, lead to insanity, and destroy a character. Throughtout Wuthering Heights, Healthcliff is destroyed by his love for Catherine

Famous Person whom you would Consider a “typical” American Essay Free Essays

Name a famous person whom you would consider a â€Å"typical† American. What characteristics of this individual do you think make her or him typical? Do you consider these characteristics a stereotype? Why, or why not? I think if I had to choose one typical American it would have to be the ‘typical’ ideal American. I do not think that in today’s society that there is a ‘typical’ American. We will write a custom essay sample on Famous Person whom you would Consider a â€Å"typical† American Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now So if I was going to pick a famous person it would have to one from history, Abe Lincoln, for example. He stood for freedom, equality, and upholding the values of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; the values our country was founded on. I think that when he was alive he embodied the characteristics of a typical American because he worked hard to provide for his family and fought hard to stand up for what he believed was right for our country. I consider these to be all wonderful characteristics to have but when applied to the ‘typical’ American it does seem to be stereotypical or even a little unfair. It is hard in this day and age to embody all of those things that he did. America is a country made up of so many different people with different backgrounds and cultures that we are truly a melting-pot. I think it is time that we redefine the ‘typical’ American to no definition at all. Everyone who is American is ‘typical’, it is what makes this country so great. Resource: Module 4 of Psychology and Your Life Write a 200- to 300-word summary describing a time when you had to test a theory. This theory may be something you have tested at work, school, or at home. Answer the following questions in your summary: What type of informal research method did you use?   How was your research method similar to research methods used by psychologists? If given another opportunity, what would you have done differently? Describe one ethical issue mentioned in the text that you have encountered. Why is informed consent necessary for ethical research? I work in a hotel and I am in charge of getting the housekeepers organized and  working on an acceptable time line. I noticed that they were taking too long to clean the rooms so that I could rent them out again. I decided to do an informal time-motion type study. I would record how long it took them to do the rooms for about a week. I noticed that on one of the days they had planned to do something after work and their room per hour rate went way up. Rechearchers use similar methods when working in the employment settings to see if they can improve morale and production. I probably would not have done much differently. I started motivating them in different ways to make sure that their room rate went up. The only difference was that when we told them about the study, they seemed to move faster. Next time I will just tell them that we are recording their cleaning times and get the results I want, rather than having to give extra incentives. I do not think that there were any moral issues involved in this test. I guess someone could say that I should have let them known that their performance was being recorded. I would not have found the results I did if I had informed them, and as an employee of a company you should expect your performance to be reviewed. If this were a different type of test I can understand how many people want there to be informed consent especially if there is some sort of invasive testing or something that disrupts your normal life. How to cite Famous Person whom you would Consider a â€Å"typical† American Essay, Essays

Stress - Health Problems and Coping Strategies in Health Assessment

Question: Describe about the Stress, Health Problems and Coping Strategies in Health Assessment. Answer: Introduction Ways of dealing with stress are used by international students while dealing with stress situations. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between psychological adaption and how to cope with stress. When in a foreign country, students face a number of challenges that result in stressful situations. Such conditions include academic pressure, language challenges, longing for home, not having community support, diminished self-worth and lack of confidence. In normal cases, international students have to learn a new language and are under pressure from home since a lot is expected from them. Additionally, international students undergo accuration process defined by Berry (1995) as a stressful major event, which requires stress coping strategies. Stress coping is behavioral and cognitive efforts made by a person to respond to internal and external demands, which are perceived as demanding lots of effort.A study done I New Zealand by Chai (2009) showed that international students use refusal, censure themselves and are disengaged in demeanor coping strategies than local students. In another study by Amponsah, (2010) established that international students utilize problem-geared methods of dealing with stress followed by seeking for support socially and demeanor-geared method. The intention of the research was determine the influences of accuration process on psychological adaption. The study theorized that methods of dealing with stress coping are associated with psychological adaption of international students in distinct ways from that of local students. In addition, it was hypothesized that stress is associated with health strategies. Therefore, the rationale of the study was to ascertain the relationship between psychological adaption and stress coping strategies of international and local students; to determine whether there was an association between stress and health strategies. The hypotheses therefore were H0: There is relationship between stress and health challenges among international students. H0: There is a relationship between stress and coping strategies among international students Method A sample of 31 students from RMIT University, faculty of Psychology studies was used. The Coping Orientation of Problem Experience (COPE) suggested by Carver et al. (1989) was used to measure characteristics of methods of dealing with stress. As a data collection tool, a questionnaire was used that was divided into 3 parts. Part 1 comprised of demographic information that included age gender, specialty and course. Part 2 was the student stress scale, part 3 health problems scale, response or strategy to deal with stress questionnaire. A likert scale was used to measure the student stress level where higher scores indicated more utilization of a specific coping strategy Respondents were divided into two groups, international and local students. To measure health complaints, a scale was used that contained 12 symptoms identified in past studies a s symptoms related to stress (23). Participants were asked how often they experienced those symptoms in the last six months and the answers measured using a likert scale. Results Demographic Information and LCU Score for Stress Demographic information in the study indicated that males were 13 while females were eighteen. The age range of all the participants was between 17 and 29 years. The LCU score for stress levels indicated an overall mean of 233.5 score. In terms of gender, the LCU for females was slightly higher at 244.5 compared to that of males at 218.5 mean score. Conversely, male health problems score was higher at 11.6 than that of female at 10.6 while the overall health problems score stood at 11.0. In terms of strategy to deal with stress, it was almost equal between the genders with only 0.2 separating males and females at 9.5 and 9.7 respectively while the overall score was 9.6 making it almost a perfect match. Test for the Relationship between Stress, Health Problems and Coping Strategies To test the correlation between stress, health problems and coping strategies, Pearson Correlation coefficient was used. A correlation coefficient of 0.75 and above would be considered as a strong correlation. The first hypothesis to be tested was: H0: There is relationship between stress and health problems among international students. (null hypothesis) HA: There is no relationship between stress and health problems among international students. (alternative hypothesis) The survey revealed that there was some positive relationship between though not strong of 0.2171 (21.71%). This relationship was however not significant (r = 0.2171, p 0.05) and therefore the decision was to fail to reject the null hypothesis. There was no sufficient evidence to conclude that stress is associated with health problems. The correlation from the sample could have been brought about a sampling error of chance. The next hypothesis that was tested was; H0: There is relationship between stress and coping strategies among international students. (null hypothesis) HA: There is no relationship between stress and coping strategies among international students. (alternative hypothesis) The study revealed there was a positive relationship between stress and coping strategies among international students. The relationship was however not significant (r= 0.3109, p 0.05). Therefore the decision was to retain the null hypothesis. In addition, the correlation was weak and could have been brought about by chance. Discussion and Recommendations Demographic information revealed that females were more than males in the study that is, females were eighteen while males were thirteen. The collective LCU score for both genders was 233.5 while in terms of gender, LCU score for females was slightly higher. While dealing with stress males and females seemed to have an equal score. To test the hypotheses of the study, it was revealed that there is an association, though weak between stress and health challenges. This relationship was however not significant to suggest that stress is correlated with health problem. It was therefore concluded that the relationship determined in the study was brought about by chance and the study could have benefited from a bigger sample size. On the other hand, relationship between stress and coping strategies among international students was tested. This too, though a weak positive relationship existed, was not significant. The study therefore recommended that a similar study be replicated in another University and a bigger sample size be used. It was also recommended that a different sampling technique be used in addition to other inferential statistics such as multiple regression so as to determine the cause and effect between the independent variables and the dependent variable. Reference Amponsah, M. O. (2010). Non university students stress levels and their coping strategies.Educ Res,1(4), 8899. Berry, J. W. (1997). Lead article - immigration, acculturation, and adaptation.Applied Psychology,46(1), 534. doi:10.1080/026999497378467 Chai, P. P. (2009).Religion/spirituality as a stress coping mechanism for international students(PhD thesis). Auckland University of Technology, Auckland.